投稿者「tomoakiwatanabe」のアーカイブ

Visualization of turbulent reactive jet by using direct numerical simulation

T. Watanabe, Y. Sakai, K. Nagata, O. Terashima, H. Suzuki, T. Hayase, Y. Ito
Visualization of turbulent reactive jet by using direct numerical simulation
International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 4 1341001 2013

Accepted manuscript is available here
This version is free to view and download for private research and study only. 

Electronic version of an article published as [International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing, Vol. 4, p. 1341001 (2013)] [10.1142/S1793962313410018] © [copyright World Scientific Publishing Company] [https://www.worldscientific.com/worldscinet/ijmssc ]This article may be found at https://doi.org/10.1142/S1793962313410018.

Abstract

Direct numerical simulation (DNS) of turbulent planar jet with a second-order chemical reaction (A + B → R) is performed to investigate the processes of mixing and chemical reactions in spatially developing turbulent free shear flows. Reactant A is premixed into the jet flow, and reactant B is premixed into the ambient flow. DNS is performed at three different Damköhler numbers (Da = 0.1,1, and 10). Damköhler number is a ratio of a time scale of a flow to that of chemical reactions, and in this study, the large Da means a fast chemical reaction, and the small Da means a slow chemical reaction. The visualization of velocity field shows that the jet flow is developed by entraining the ambient fluid. The visualization of concentration of reactant A shows that concentration of reactant A for Da = 1 and 10 becomes very small in the downstream region because the chemical reaction consumes the reactants and reactant A is diffused with the jet development. By comparison of the profiles of chemical reaction rate and concentration of product R, it is found that product R for Da = 10 is produced by the chemical reaction at the interface between the jet and the ambient fluids and is diffused into the jet flow, whereas product R for Da = 0.1 is produced in the jet flow after reactants A and B are well mixed.

日本語訳 (DeepL翻訳)

直接数値シミュレーションによる乱流反応ジェットの可視化

空間発達する乱流自由せん断流れにおける混合と化学反応の過程を調べるために,2次化学反応(A + B → R)を伴う乱流平面噴流の直接数値シミュレーション(DNS)を行った.反応物Aはジェット流に、反応物Bは周囲流に予混合される。DNSは3種類のDamköhler数(Da = 0.1、1、10)で実行されます。ダムケーラー数とは、流れの時間スケールと化学反応の時間スケールの比であり、本研究では、Daが大きいと化学反応が速く、小さいと化学反応が遅いことを意味する。速度場の可視化により、周囲流体を巻き込みながらジェット流が発達していることがわかる。反応物質Aの濃度を可視化すると、Da = 1と10では、化学反応によって反応物質が消費され、ジェットの発達に伴って反応物質Aが拡散するため、下流域で反応物質Aの濃度が非常に小さくなっていることが分かります。化学反応速度と生成物Rの濃度プロファイルを比較すると、Da = 10の生成物Rはジェットと周囲流体の界面で化学反応により生成されジェット流に拡散するのに対し、Da = 0.1の生成物Rは反応物AとBがよく混合した後にジェット流で生成されることが分かった。

GD

Simultaneous measurements of reactive scalar and velocity in a planar liquid jet with a second-order chemical reaction

T. Watanabe, Y. Sakai, K. Nagata, O. Terashima, T. Kubo
Simultaneous measurements of reactive scalar and velocity in a planar liquid jet with a second-order chemical reaction
Experiments in Fluids 53 1369-1383 2012

Accepted manuscript is available here
This version is free to view and download for private research and study only.

This article may be found at https://doi.org/10.1007/s00348-012-1365-6

Abstract

This paper presents a new experimental approach for simultaneous measurements of velocity and concentration in a turbulent liquid flow with a chemical reaction. For the simultaneous measurements, we developed a combined probe consisting of an I-type hot-film probe and an optical fiber probe based on the light absorption spectrometric method. In a turbulent planar liquid jet with a second-order chemical reaction A+B->R, streamwise velocity and concentrations of all reactive species are measured by the combined probe. The turbulent mass fluxes of the reactive species are estimated from the simultaneous measurements. The results show that the influence of the chemical reaction on the turbulent mass flux of the reactant species near the jet exit is different from its influence in other regions, and the turbulent mass flux of the product species has a negative value near the jet exit and a positive value in other regions.

日本語訳 (DeepL翻訳)

2次化学反応を伴う平面液体噴流中の反応スカラーと速度の同時測定

本論文では、化学反応を伴う乱流液体流の速度と濃度の同時計測のための新しい実験手法を紹介する。同時計測のために,光吸収分光法に基づくI型ホットフィルムプローブと光ファイバープローブを組み合わせた複合プローブを開発した.2次化学反応 A+B->R を伴う乱流平面液体ジェットにおいて、複合プローブにより、すべての反応種の流速と濃度を測定した。また,乱流中の活性種の質量フラックスを同時計測から推定した.その結果、化学反応が噴流出口付近の反応種の乱流質量流束に与える影響は他の領域と異なり、生成種の乱流質量流束は噴流出口付近で負の値を持ち、他の領域で正の値を持つことがわかった。

The response of small-scale shear layers to perturbations in turbulence

The response of small-scale shear layers to perturbations in turbulence
T. Watanabe and K. Nagata
Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 963 A31 2023 (Open Access)

This article may be found at https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2023.316.

The article is also available here.

Abstract

The perturbation response of small-scale shear layers in turbulence is investigated with direct numerical simulations (DNS). The analysis of shear layers in isotropic turbulence suggests that the typical layer thickness is about four times the Kolmogorov scale η. Response for sinusoidal perturbations is investigated for an isolated shear layer, which models a mean flow around the shear layers in turbulence. The vortex formation in the shear layer is optimally promoted by the perturbation whose wavelength divided by the layer thickness is about 7. These results indicate that the small-scale shear instability in turbulence is efficiently promoted by velocity fluctuations with a wavelength of about 30η. Furthermore, DNS are carried out for decaying turbulence initialised by the artificially modified velocity field of isotropic turbulence. The vortex formation from shear layers is accelerated under the influence of external perturbations with the efficient wavelength to promote the instability. When velocity fluctuations with this wavelength are eliminated by a band-cut filter, the shear layers tend to persist for a long time without producing vortices. These behaviours affect the number of vortices in turbulence, which increases and decreases when velocity perturbations with the unstable wavelength of the instability are artificially amplified and damped, respectively. The increase in the number of vortices results in the enhancement of kinetic energy dissipation, enstrophy production and strain self-amplification. These results indicate that the perturbation response of shear layers is important in the small-scale dynamics of turbulence as well as the modulation of small-scale turbulent motions by external disturbance.

日本語訳 (DeepL翻訳)

乱流中の微細せん断層の擾乱に対する応答

乱流中の小規模なせん断層の擾乱応答について、直接数値シミュレーション(DNS)を用いて検討した。正弦波擾乱に対する応答は、乱流中のせん断層周辺の平均流をモデル化した孤立せん断層について調べた。この結果は、乱流中の小規模なせん断不安定性が、波長30η程度の速度変動によって効率的に促進されることを示すものである。さらに、等方性乱流の速度場を人為的に変更して初期化した減衰性乱流に対してDNSを実施した。不安定性を促進するのに有効な波長の外部摂動の影響により、せん断層からの渦の形成が促進される。この波長を持つ速度変動をバンドカットフィルターで除去すると、せん断層は渦を発生させずに長時間持続する傾向がある。これらの挙動は乱流中の渦の数に影響し、不安定波長を持つ速度摂動を人為的に増幅・減衰させると、それぞれ渦の数が増加・減少する。渦の数が増加すると、運動エネルギーの散逸、エンストロスの生成、歪みの自己増幅が促進される。これらの結果は、外乱による小規模な乱流運動の変調だけでなく、せん断層の擾乱応答が乱流の小規模なダイナミクスにおいて重要であることを示す。